Extending the reach of wireless communications into rural or remote areas is a growing problem for all types of network operators. The very nature of the environment means that services such as power are difficult to deliver and very often it is both impractical and uneconomical to deliver coverage using a traditional base station approach. The concepts of using frequency shifting and band shifting repeaters or fiber transpiration system to deliver an easily deployable, low cost and low maintenance coverage system which is equally applicable for both public safety and cellular wireless.